Using gerunds and infinitives with other verbs in english is a tricky thing, because some verbs are followed only by infinitives and other verbs only by gerunds, while certain verbs may be followed by either one. Gerund is a verbal that is made by adding ing to a verb and serves as a noun. In english, if you want to follow a verb with another action, you must use a gerund or infinitive. Gerund and infinitive pdf worksheets english vocabulary. Gerunds and infinitives can function b to compose a sonata would take months.
They should not be confused with present participles. When a gerund follows a verb, it is acting as a noun form. Mar 07, 20 gerund vs infinitive both gerunds and infinitives are verbals that are formed using verbs but differ in the manner in which they are used to indicate the reason or purpose. When used as an infinitive marker, to is followed by the plain infinitive form of verb. Furthermore, use of infinitive or gerund after a certain verb may totally change the meaning of a sentence.
Verb forms gerunds and infinitives english grammar. Infinitives and gerunds take the place of a noun in a sentence. Gerund or infinitive exercise 1 1 fill the gaps with the verb in brackets in the appropriate form. Nov 29, 2017 some nouns, adjectives and verbs are followed by ing forms. Its purpose is to work as a noun despite being a verb. Difference between gerund and infinitive compare the. Infinitive is formed by adding to with a verb that acts as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb in a sentence. We are going to take each of these separately in these worksheets.
If it is a gerund, it functions as a noun and it is usually translated into a spanish infinitive. Rules for using gerunds and infinitives when to use. Introduction the ing form of the verb may be a gerund or a present participle. Gerund and infinitive worksheets are in pdf format and consist of a worksheet and answer sheet to check your results. Download gerund and infinitive list pdf down below. Depending upon the verb and accompanying meaning, the object may be an infinitive or a gerund.
This infinitival to normally introduces a clause functioning as a purpose adjunct. For others, we can use perfect gerund infinitive forms to express the past. Similar expressions with the full and the bare infinitive. Types of verbals, participles, gerund, infinitive, using. List of verbs followed by gerunds and infinitives pdf. Gerunds and infinitives esl activities, worksheets and games.
Rules for using gerunds and infinitives gerunds and infinitives gerund the ing form of a verb which works as a noun is known as a gerund. Gerunds and infinitives part 1 put the verb into the correct form. Complete the following sentences using the appropriate verb form. English grammar todaycambridge dictionary punkt odniesienia dla gramatyki mowionego i pisanego jezyka angielskiego. The gerund in the following sample sentences is bolded, and the verb is italicized. Here is a gerunds and infinitives worksheet to test students knowledge of gerunds and infinitives with to. Verbs followed by gerunds and infinitives complete these sixteen sentences to score your knowledge of gerunds and infinitives. The general rule for forming the ing form of a verb is to take the base form and. In these sentences, the gerunds are looking, drinking and zipping most verbs in english always take either the gerund or the infinitive. English grammar today a reference to written and spoken english grammar and usage cambridge dictionary. You can use a gerund as the subject, the complement, or the object of a. A gerund can be made by simply adding ing to a verb.
Because their function is that of a noun, gerunds may be used as the subject of a sentence. A gerund is a verb ending in ing that functions as a noun. Gi006 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. You must always check the oil before starting the vehicle. In the above examples, combing is an example of a gerund as it is a verb that acts as a noun in the sentence. Apr 15, 2012 gerund or infinitive grammar exercise.
In a sentence, an infinitives can be used as nouns, adjectives, and adverbs. Some verbs can be followed by either an infinitive, or an ing form but with a change in meaning. Exercise 1 in pdf here choose the gerund or infinitive for a list of twenty verbs. You know your english andrew rich vetta getty images. Gi004 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. Take this quiz and then the free audio lesson below to make sure you understand the difference between remember and forget with gerund or infinitive. One of the most common ways to use gerunds and infinitives is as the direct object of a verb. Verbs followed by a gerund or infinitive with little to no change in meaning. Gerunds and infinitives can function as the subject of a sentence or the object of a verb.
It is more common, however, to use ing form in english after the verbs of senses. An infinitive is not a verb, so we cannot add s, es, ed, or ing in the end. Gerund form normally means that the action was completed, the infinitive not completed. Gerunds and infinitives some important rules the form of the verb that ends in ing is called a gerund when used as a noun. However, it is only used if the time of the action expressed by the gerund is not obvious from the context. The following lists of verbs followed by other verbs will help you practice. A verbal is a verb form used as another part of speech. Gi003 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. Live worksheets english english as a second language esl gerund or infinitive verb patterns.
In a sentence, an infinitives can be used as nouns, adjectives, and. You can use a gerund as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentence. The following lists of verbs followed by other verbs will help you practice using gerunds and infinitives within simple sentences. You need to learn which one is correct, and then always use that form. We are also going to have sheets for both recognizing the verbal by itself and then as a verbal phrase. The use of gerunds or infinitives after certain nouns, verbs, adjectives, etc. These nouns are called gerunds and can be the subject of a clause, followed by a thirdperson singular hesheit form of the verb. If the gerund verb occured before the main verb we use perfect gerund having done instead of simple gerund doing the man denied being involved having been involved in the robbery. Verb patterns in english grammar tell us whether to use the infinitive or the gerund after certain words. To as a preposition takes a noun phrase or a gerund as a complement.
Home topics nonfinite verb forms infinitives, gerunds and participles verbs followed by the toinfinitive or gerund verbs followed by the toinfinitive or gerund with a difference in meaning toinfinitive or gerund. Understanding how these words function is a crucial step in developing your english skills. Gerund infinitive gi 3 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form. Gerunds and infinitives exercises perfect english grammar. Nonfinite verb forms infinitives, gerunds and participles. In pairs or small groups, students talk about the questions in the boxes, paying special attention to the verb pattern normally infiniti. When a verb is in its infinitive state, it has no subject or object.
Verbs that are followed by other verbs can take either the gerund or the infinitive. Verbs followed by the toinfinitive or gerund with a difference in meaning. If words ending with ing are used as a verb in the sentence, those are simply the present participle or continuous form of the verb. First, we do the action and then we remember the action. Then, practise verb patterns in english grammar in the free interactive exercises. Although present participles are verb forms that end in ing, they are active action words that are happening right now. A gerund is a verb form that ends in ing and is used as a noun walking, traveling, voting. If it is a present participle, it functions as a verb and it is usually translated into a spanish gerundio. The teacher taught the children to tell the truth 7. Note that help can also be followed by the infinitive without to with no difference in meaning. Gi007 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. Learn when to use the gerund and when to use the infinitive in english grammar with lingolias online lesson. English esl gerund worksheets most downloaded 286 results.
In sentences 4, 5 and 6, stop is followed by the gerund form of the verb. Always use the gerund ing form of the verb after the verb go. Gerund is a verbal that is made from a verb by adding ing. Gerund and infinitives verb lists free pdf in english when two verbs come side by side to is placed between them or ing is added to second verb. Rules for using gerunds and infinitives when to use gerunds. On the toeic grammar questions there will generally be both choices amongst the answers, so you need to know which one is the right form. Mar 30, 2018 using gerunds and infinitives with other verbs in english is a tricky thing, because some verbs are followed only by infinitives and other verbs only by gerunds, while certain verbs may be followed by either one. The students complete each sentence with the verb in brackets in its gerund or infinitive form. An infinitive fo llowed by the simple form of the verb and will almost always begin with to. If there is to between two verbs, we call it infinitive and ing added to second verb it is called gerund. Aug 26, 2019 verbs that are followed by other verbs can take either the gerund or the infinitive. Gi008 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. Common verbs followed by the gerund perfect english grammar. Depending on the verb, adjective or noun it follows, we can use the infinitive with or without to e.
In english, when we talk about the infinitive we are usually referring to the present infinitive, which is the most common. He threatened to shoot me if i didnt give him the key 4. A gerund is simply a verb that ends with ing, but it functions as a noun when used in a sentence. This grammar exercise tests your ability to use these structures. There are, however, four other forms of the infinititive. Grammar and mechanics using gerunds and infinitives a gerund is a verb form that ends in ing and is used as a noun walking, traveling, voting. I dont recall being told having been told about this case. The meaning of remember and forget changes depending on whether it is followed by the gerund or infinitive forms. Gerunds are verb forms that act as nouns in a sentence with no reference to time.
Students complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs. She agreed to give a presentation at the meeting ask. We can use an object before the infinitive with these verbs. Frequently, the main verb in a sentence is followed by another verb which is either an infinitive with to ex. Unlike other words that ends with ing, a gerund does not function as a verb.
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